Life Skills Arcade Middle school Family and Consumer Sciences, grades 6 to 8

Handout 6.13

Handout 06.13: Scaling Worksheet and Costing Sheet

Unit
Unit 6: From Farm to Table
Lesson
Lesson 6.13: Scale the Recipe and Cost It From the Circular
File
Handout 06.13 - Scaling Worksheet and Costing Sheet.md

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Name: ______________________ Date: __________ Station: ______ Option: ______

Lesson 6.13, two days. Day 1 is pages 1 to 3. Day 2 is pages 4 to 6. Page 3 is the pre-filled version. Page 5 is the short circular excerpt. Page 7 is the teacher key.

All prices are real Long Island supermarket prices marked [update from this week's circular].


Page 1. The three-step rule and your base recipe

The three-step rule

  1. Divide the number of portions you need by the number the recipe makes. That is your scale factor.
  2. Multiply every ingredient by the scale factor.
  3. Round up to the number of packages the store actually sells. Always up, never down.

The worked example (do this one with the teacher):

A recipe makes 4 servings and needs 8 ounces of dry spaghetti. We need 28 portions.

  • Step 1: 28 ÷ 4 = 7. The scale factor is 7.
  • Step 2: 8 oz × 7 = 56 oz.
  • Step 3: 56 oz ÷ 16 oz per pound = 3.5 lb. The store sells 1 lb boxes. 3.5 rounds up to 4 boxes.

Why always up: running out at minute 30 is the one mistake you cannot fix. Buying one extra box costs $1.29. Not feeding six people costs the whole project.

The base recipes (all make 4 servings). Find yours.

Option A: Spaghetti with Marinara and Parmesan (4 servings)

  • 8 oz dry spaghetti
  • 1 1/2 cups marinara sauce
  • 1/4 cup shredded parmesan
  • Water to fill the pot 3/4 full

Option B: Pizza Tortillas (4 servings)

  • 4 flour tortillas, fajita size
  • 1/2 cup pizza sauce
  • 3/4 cup shredded mozzarella
  • 20 pepperoni slices (5 each)

Option C: Bean and Cheese Burritos (4 servings)

  • 4 flour tortillas, fajita size
  • 3/4 cup refried beans
  • 1/2 cup shredded Mexican cheese blend
  • 1/4 cup salsa

Option D: Garlic Bread and Vegetable Tray (4 servings)

  • 4 pieces of garlic bread (one 14 oz loaf makes about 12 pieces)
  • 2 tablespoons softened butter
  • 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
  • 1/4 lb baby carrots, washed and peeled

Option E: No-Bake Cookie Dessert Cups (4 servings)

  • 8 chocolate sandwich cookies (2 each)
  • 3/4 cup whipped topping
  • 4 plastic cups, 9 oz

Your scale factor

Portions we need: 28 ÷ Recipe makes: ______ = Scale factor: ______


Page 2. The scaling table and the conversion strip

The scaling table (Day 1, Step 2)

Every ingredient gets a row. The Scale Lead reads each row aloud before it is written.

IngredientAmount for 4× scale factorScaled amountUnit the store sells inPackages to buy (round UP)
× ______
× ______
× ______
× ______
× ______
× ______
× ______

The conversion strip (Day 1, Step 3). Fill this in with the teacher and the real packages.

What you need to knowThe number
1 cup = ______ fluid ounces8
1 pound = ______ ounces by weight16
1 stick of butter = ______ tablespoons = ______ cup8 tbsp = 1/2 cup
1 tablespoon = ______ teaspoons3
Shredded cheese: ______ ounces by weight is about 1 cup, so an 8 oz bag is about ______ cups4 oz = 1 cup, so 8 oz ≈ 2 cups
A 16 oz can of refried beans holds about ______ cups1 3/4
A 14.3 oz pack of sandwich cookies holds about ______ cookies36
A 14 oz loaf of Italian bread makes about ______ serving pieces12
One aerosol can of whipped topping gives about ______ cups2
An 8 oz pack of sliced pepperoni holds about ______ slices150

[Sal: the last six numbers are estimates. Open one of each package, count or measure it once, and write the real number on this strip. Then the key's answers are exact for your room.]

The two practice conversions

  1. A recipe wants 3 cups of broth. The store sells a 32 fluid ounce box. Is one box enough? Show the math.

3 cups × 8 fl oz = ______ fl oz. The box holds ______ fl oz. Enough? ______ Left over: ______ cups.

  1. A recipe wants 2 1/2 cups of shredded cheese. The store sells 8 ounce bags. How many bags?

2 1/2 cups × 4 oz per cup = ______ oz. ______ oz ÷ 8 oz per bag = ______ bags. Round up: ______ bags.

The trap

Circle the right answer: 8 ounces on a bag of shredded cheese is ( a weight / a volume ).

Write the sentence: "Eight ounces of shredded cheese is about ______ cups, not one cup, because ______________________________."

The yield check (Day 1, Step 4)

We need 30 portions: 28 students, the teacher, and one spare.

Our plan makes: ______ portions. Show how you know: ________________________________________

Circle one: CLEARS 30 / ADD ______ more of ______

If we have spare portions, they will go to: ________________________________________


Page 3. The pre-filled scaling table (grade 6 support, or anyone who needs it)

The scale factor is already entered. Your job is columns 4, 5, and 6.

Option A: Spaghetti with Marinara

IngredientAmount for 4× 7Scaled amountStore sellsPackages to buy
Dry spaghetti8 oz× 7______ oz = ______ lb1 lb box______
Marinara sauce1 1/2 cups× 7______ cups = ______ fl oz24 oz jar______
Shredded parmesan1/4 cup× 7______ cups6 oz bag (≈ 2 cups)______

Option B: Pizza Tortillas

IngredientAmount for 4× 7Scaled amountStore sellsPackages to buy
Flour tortillas4× 7______20 count pack______
Pizza sauce1/2 cup× 7______ cups = ______ fl oz14 oz jar______
Shredded mozzarella3/4 cup× 7______ cups8 oz bag (≈ 2 cups)______
Pepperoni slices20× 7______ slices8 oz pack (≈ 150)______

Option C: Bean and Cheese Burritos

IngredientAmount for 4× 7Scaled amountStore sellsPackages to buy
Flour tortillas4× 7______20 count pack______
Refried beans3/4 cup× 7______ cups16 oz can (≈ 1 3/4 cups)______
Shredded cheese blend1/2 cup× 7______ cups8 oz bag (≈ 2 cups)______
Salsa1/4 cup× 7______ cups = ______ fl oz15.5 oz jar______

Option D: Garlic Bread and Vegetable Tray

IngredientAmount for 4× 7Scaled amountStore sellsPackages to buy
Garlic bread pieces4× 7______ pieces14 oz loaf (≈ 12 pieces)______
Softened butter2 tbsp× 7______ tbsp = ______ sticks1 lb, 4 sticks______
Garlic powder1/2 tsp× 7______ tsp3.12 oz jar______
Baby carrots1/4 lb× 7______ lb1 lb bag______

Option E: No-Bake Cookie Dessert Cups

IngredientAmount for 4× 7Scaled amountStore sellsPackages to buy
Sandwich cookies8× 7______ cookies14.3 oz pack (≈ 36)______
Whipped topping3/4 cup× 7______ cupsaerosol can (≈ 2 cups)______
Plastic cups4× 7______ cups50 count pack______

Page 4. The Costing Sheet (Day 2)

Station budget: $20.00. Write the running total after every line, not at the end.

#ItemBrandSizePricePrice per ounce (or per count)PackagesLine costRunning total
1$$$$
2$$$$
3$$$$
4$$$$
5$$$$
6$$$$
7$$$$
8Room pantry (foil, spray, salt, spoons, plates)room$0.00$0.00$

Station total: $__________ Under the $20.00 budget by: $__________ OVER by: $__________

Cost per person (total ÷ 28): $__________

The two questions to ask on every line

  1. What does the whole package cost? That is what you pay.
  2. What does one ounce cost? That is how you choose.

Worked example: store-brand shredded mozzarella, 8 oz, $1.99. $1.99 ÷ 8 = $0.249 per ounce. Name brand, 8 oz, $2.99. $2.99 ÷ 8 = $0.374 per ounce. The store brand is cheaper by 12.5 cents an ounce.

The Unit 1 rule, still true: you pay for the whole package, not the spoonful you use.


Page 5. Circular excerpt (Day 2). Use this if a full circular is too much, or if the store's circular is missing an item.

Prices verified week of March 20 to 26, 2026. [update from this week's circular]

ItemBrandSizePrice
Spaghettistore brand1 lb$1.29
Spaghettiname brand1 lb$2.19
Penne or zitistore brand1 lb$1.29
Marinara saucestore brand24 oz$2.79
Marinara saucename brand24 oz$3.99
Marinara saucestore brand45 oz$4.99
Pizza saucestore brand14 oz$1.69
Alfredo saucestore brand16 oz$3.49
Shredded mozzarellastore brand8 oz$1.99
Shredded mozzarellaname brand12 oz$3.49
Shredded Mexican cheese blendstore brand8 oz$1.99
Shredded parmesanstore brand6 oz$1.99
Ricotta cheesename brand32 oz$4.99
Cheese sticksstore brand12 count$3.99
Flour tortillas, fajita sizename brand20 count$3.49
Flour tortillas, burrito sizename brand16 count$6.59
Italian breadstore bakery14 oz loaf$2.99
Salted butterstore brand1 lb, 4 sticks$3.99
Salted buttername brand1 lb, 4 sticks$5.99
Garlic powderstore brand3.12 oz$1.99
Refried beansname brand16 oz can$1.99
Black beansstore brand15 oz can$1.19
Instant ricestore brand28 oz$4.79
Salsastore brand15.5 oz$2.49
Sour creamname brand16 oz$2.49
Pepperoni, pre-slicedname brand8 oz$4.99
Bite-size cooked meatballs, frozenname brand40 oz, 80 count$14.99
Half rotisserie chicken, cookeddelieach$3.99
Deli-sliced turkey or hamdeli1 lb$5.99
Baby carrots, washed and peeledstore brand1 lb bag$1.99
Grape tomatoes1 pint$2.99
Shredded lettuce, baggedstore brand8 oz$2.49
Pre-diced tomatoes, refrigerated8 oz cup$2.49
Chocolate sandwich cookiesstore brand14.3 oz$2.99
Chocolate sandwich cookiesname brand19.1 oz$6.59
Whipped topping, aerosolstore brandcan$2.99
Whipped topping, aerosolname brandcan$4.49
Brownie mixname brand18.4 oz$2.99
Rolled oatsstore brand42 oz$4.29
Raisinsstore brand15 oz$3.49
Tortilla chipsstore brand13 oz$2.99
Crackersstore brandbox$2.99
Shelf-stable milkstore brand1 quart$2.99
Large eggsstore branddozen$3.49
Plastic cups, 9 ozstore brand50 count$3.99
Plastic cups with lidsstore brand28 count$3.99
Gallon zip-lock bagsstore brandbox$3.99
Aluminum foilstore brandroll$3.99

Page 6. The Swap Log and the Peer Check

The swap log (Day 2, Step 3)

Three legal swaps: store brand for name brand; a bigger package when the price per ounce drops and you will use it; cut a line that is not on the plate.

A swap only counts if it saves at least $0.25 and does not break the allergy list or your station card.

#What we swapped outWhat we swapped inOld unit priceNew unit priceSavedWhat we gave up
1$$$
2$$$
3$$$

Total saved: $__________ New station total: $__________

Allergy recheck after the swaps. Did any swap bring in a new allergen? Circle: YES / NO
If YES, what and what we will do: ________________________________________

Sentence frames for the swap log

EnglishTurkishPortugueseSpanish
We will buy ___ instead of ___ and save $___.___ yerine ___ alacağız ve ___ dolar tasarruf edeceğiz.Vamos comprar ___ em vez de ___ e economizar $___.Vamos a comprar ___ en lugar de ___ y ahorrar $___.
The store brand costs ___ per ounce. The name brand costs ___ per ounce.Market markası onsu ___. Ünlü marka onsu ___.A marca do mercado custa ___ por onça. A marca famosa custa ___ por onça.La marca del supermercado cuesta ___ por onza. La marca conocida cuesta ___ por onza.
We gave up ___ to stay under budget.Bütçeyi aşmamak için ___ vazgeçtik.Abrimos mão de ___ para ficar no orçamento.Renunciamos a ___ para no pasarnos del presupuesto.

[check with a native speaker]

The peer check (Day 2, Step 4). Trade sheets with the station next door.

We are checking Station ______'s sheet. Checked by: ______________________

CheckInitial
Every line has a size and a unit
The running total adds up (we redid it)
The total is at or under $20.00
The yield check clears 30
Nothing on the list is on the class allergy list, or the substitution is written

One thing we would fix: ________________________________________

Teacher signature (required before Lesson 6.15): ______________________ Date: __________


Teacher key

Page 1: the scale factor

28 ÷ 4 = 7 for every option. A student who writes 4 ÷ 28 has the ratio upside down; the question is "how many times bigger," so the target goes on top.

Page 2: the practice conversions

  1. 3 cups × 8 = 24 fl oz. The box holds 32 fl oz. Yes, enough. Left over: 1 cup (32 − 24 = 8 fl oz = 1 cup).
  2. 2 1/2 cups × 4 oz per cup = 10 oz. 10 ÷ 8 = 1.25 bags. Round up: 2 bags.

Page 2: the trap

8 ounces on a bag of shredded cheese is a weight. "Eight ounces of shredded cheese is about 2 cups, not one cup, because shredded cheese is light and fluffy, so a cup of it weighs only about 4 ounces."

Page 3: the pre-filled tables, completed

Option A

IngredientScaledPackages
Dry spaghetti56 oz = 3 1/2 lb4 boxes
Marinara sauce10 1/2 cups = 84 fl oz84 ÷ 24 = 3.5, so 4 jars
Shredded parmesan1 3/4 cups1 3/4 ÷ 2 = 0.875, so 1 bag

Option B

IngredientScaledPackages
Flour tortillas2828 ÷ 20 = 1.4, so 2 packs
Pizza sauce3 1/2 cups = 28 fl oz28 ÷ 14 = 2.0, so 2 jars, which is exactly enough with no margin. Say this out loud: an exact answer is legal but has no room for a spill.
Shredded mozzarella5 1/4 cups5.25 ÷ 2 = 2.625, so 3 bags
Pepperoni slices140140 ÷ 150 = 0.93, so 1 pack, which is tight. A team that buys 2 is not wrong, but it costs $4.99 and puts them further over budget.

Option C

IngredientScaledPackages
Flour tortillas282 packs
Refried beans5 1/4 cups5.25 ÷ 1.75 = 3.0, so 3 cans exactly
Shredded cheese blend3 1/2 cups3.5 ÷ 2 = 1.75, so 2 bags
Salsa1 3/4 cups = 14 fl oz14 ÷ 15.5 = 0.90, so 1 jar

Option D

IngredientScaledPackages
Garlic bread pieces28 pieces28 ÷ 12 = 2.33, so 3 loaves
Softened butter14 tbsp = 1 3/4 sticks2 sticks, which is 1 package of 4
Garlic powder3 1/2 tsp1 jar (a 3.12 oz jar holds far more than 3 1/2 tsp)
Baby carrots1 3/4 lb2 bags

Option E

IngredientScaledPackages
Sandwich cookies56 cookies56 ÷ 36 = 1.56, so 2 packs
Whipped topping5 1/4 cups5.25 ÷ 2 = 2.625, so 3 cans
Plastic cups281 pack of 50

Page 2: the yield check answers

OptionPortions the plan makesClears 30?
A4 lb dry pasta at 2 oz dry per portion = 32 portionsYes, 2 spare
B40 tortillas bought, but sauce covers 28 and cheese covers about 42, so the limit is the pepperoni at 150 slices ÷ 5 = 30 portionsYes, exactly 30, zero spare. Flag this: no margin
C40 tortillas bought; beans cover 28 at 3/16 cup each; cheese covers 28; salsa covers 28. Limit is the beans at 28 portionsNo. Add 1 can of beans for 37 portions
D3 loaves × 12 pieces = 36 piecesYes, 6 spare
E2 packs × 36 = 72 cookies ÷ 2 each = 36; topping covers 28; cups cover 50. Limit is the topping at 28 portionsNo. Add 1 can for 42 portions

This is the most important table in the key. Options C and E fail the yield check as the option cards are written, and Option B passes with zero margin. That is on purpose. A station that adds the extra can of beans ($1.99, new total $21.41, over budget) now has a real problem to solve in Day 2 Step 3, and the answer is the salsa line or the tortilla line. Do not tell them; let the yield check find it.

Page 4: the costing sheet

The station totals, if a team buys exactly what the option card says: A $18.31; B $21.32 with pepperoni, $16.33 without; C $19.42 (but fails the yield check; the fix costs money); D $18.93; E $18.94 (fails the yield check; the fix costs $2.99).

Unit prices to the tenth of a cent for the most-used items, from the page 5 excerpt: spaghetti store brand $0.081/oz; marinara 24 oz store brand $0.116/oz; marinara 45 oz store brand $0.111/oz; marinara 24 oz name brand $0.166/oz; shredded mozzarella 8 oz store brand $0.249/oz; shredded mozzarella 12 oz name brand $0.291/oz; butter store brand $0.249/oz; butter name brand $0.374/oz; cookies 14.3 oz store brand $0.209/oz; cookies 19.1 oz name brand $0.345/oz; whipped topping store brand $2.99/can vs name brand $4.49/can.

Page 6: the swaps that actually exist in this excerpt

Swap outSwap inSaves per packageOn a real order
Name-brand spaghetti $2.19Store brand $1.29$0.90$3.60 on 4 boxes
Name-brand marinara $3.99Store brand $2.79$1.20$4.80 on 4 jars
Name-brand butter $5.99Store brand $3.99$2.00$2.00
Name-brand cookies 19.1 oz $6.59Store brand 14.3 oz $2.99$3.60$7.20 on 2 packs
Name-brand whipped topping $4.49Store brand $2.99$1.50$4.50 on 3 cans
Two 24 oz marinara jars $5.58One 45 oz jar $4.99$0.59 for 3 oz lessLegal only if the yield check still clears

Sal's own King Kullen order saved $30.38 on a $150 order with four swaps of exactly this kind: name-brand cookies to store brand ($14.40), name-brand whipped topping to store brand ($6.00), butter from two packs to one ($5.99), and cups from two packs to one ($3.99). Put those four real numbers on the Day 2 slide.

Page 6: the peer check

Sign the sheet only when all five boxes are initialed and you have redone the running total yourself on at least the last three lines. The signature is what lets a team move on to Lesson 6.14.